An alloy is a substance having metallic properties and composed of two or more chemical elements of which at least one is metal.
You get different specific types of metal by combining the base alloy with other alloys to bring steel, iron, aluminum, brass, bronze or any other grade of material to a specific grade much like a receipt in your own kitchen. Each application may call for something different such as hardness, tensile strength, wear-ability or resistance to corrosion etc.
Then each casting may have to be annealed heat treated quenched and tempered or a combination of several of these processes.
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